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Edouard Vuillard, A Game of Checkers (La partie de dames), 1899

Nabis

The Nabis were a group of young artists who banded together around 1890, galvanized by the quest to achieve a ‘beauty beyond visible reality.’

The group included Pierre Bonnard, Maurice Denis, Henri-Gabriel Ibels, Paul Elie Ranson, Ker-Xavier Roussel, Paul Sérusier, Félix Vallotton and Edouard Vuillard.

The Symbolist artist Paul Gauguin was their great example. Under Gauguin's supervision, Sérusier painted a small, abstract landscape in 1889 that served the Nabis as a ‘talisman,’ pointing them in the direction of a new, more intensely experienced art.

Personal abstractions

The Nabis also experimented freely with the artistic possibilities offered by colour lithography. Their prints, like their paintings and drawings, expressed their intimate, personal experiences and feelings through a naive, decorative visual language, with bright expanses of colour, graceful lines and strong contours.

The print series they made around 1900 for the dealer Ambroise Vollard are some of the greatest works in the history of art.

Commercial printmaking

Another ambition of the Nabis was to integrate art more completely into daily life. As a medium, printmaking was perfectly suited to this task. They designed countless posters, theatre programmes, artists’ books, and sheet music that enhanced the aesthetic experience of the everyday.

All the same, their subtle and often complex art remained largely restricted to their own circle of writers, dramatists, and collectors. Only Ibels and Vallotton succeeded in reaching a wider audience with their illustrations for sheet music and magazines.

Pierre Bonnard, Family Scene (Scène de famille), 1893

Pierre Bonnard, Family Scene (Scène de famille), 1893

Aristide Maillol, Profile of a Young Girl (Profil de jeune fille), 1893

Aristide Maillol, Profile of a Young Girl (Profil de jeune fille), 1893

Henri Gabriel Ibels, Seizure (Le grappin) and Unconventional (L'affranchie), 1894

Henri Gabriel Ibels, Seizure (Le grappin) and Unconventional (L'affranchie), 1894


Further reading
  • George L. Mauner, The Nabis. Their History and their Art 1888-1896, New York 1978
  • Patricia Eckert Boyer (ed.), The Nabis and the Parisian Avant-Garde, New Brunswick 1988
  • François Fossier, La nébuleuse Nabie : Les Nabis et l'art graphique, Paris 1993